CARACAS, Venezuela — Debates over President Trump’s hard-line migration policies are focused on the Venezuelan gang Tren de Aragua, to some a ruthless transnational criminal organization and to others the pretext for an overhyped anti-migrant narrative.

Tren de Aragua, a gang born out of a Venezuelan prison, is a loose network that doesn’t operate like groups typically considered terrorist organizations.

President Donald J. Trump has unleashed a sweeping offensive against the Tren de Aragua (TdA) gang, signing a proclamation Saturday invoking the Alien Enemies Act to tackle what the White House calls an “invasion” by the Venezuela-born terrorist group.